Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures: Warning Signs, Effects, & Treatment

People with a history of alcohol misuse seem to have a greater risk of developing sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) than people with epilepsy with no history. People who chronically consume large amounts of alcohol seem to be more likely to have epilepsy than people who don’t. Concomitant substance abuse should be identified as substances such as sedatives may modify symptom presentation and affect response to treatment of alcohol withdrawal. The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), developed by the World Health Organization is recommended for the identification of polysubstance abuse (70). (4) Chronic ethanol intake increases the number of L-type calcium channels in different brain regions.

How Is Alcohol Withdrawal Treated?

Immediate medical intervention is essential for any seizure lasting over 5 minutes (status epilepticus) when continuous or if there are three successive seizures without consciousness being regained in between. It’s rare for people going through alcohol withdrawal to experience hallucinations more than 48 hours after their last drink. Alcohol withdrawal symptoms can start as early as two hours after your last drink, but it’s most likely to start between six hours to alcohol withdrawal seizure a day after your last drink, according to guidelines from American Family Physician. The main ways to prevent alcohol withdrawal are to avoid alcohol altogether or to get professional help as soon as possible if you think you’re developing alcohol use disorder. Your healthcare provider will recommend and encourage treatment for alcohol use disorder. When you stop consuming alcohol after prolonged, heavy use, your CNS can’t respond or regulate itself fast enough.

alcohol withdrawal seizure

What is the treatment for alcohol withdrawal?

Some who were addicted to alcohol were provided liquor to allay their cravings and head off withdrawal. Health officials say that though versions of MAP were used elsewhere as part of isolation and quarantine efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic, San Francisco is the first city to implement the model permanently. Fifty-five clients have gone through the treatment − they’re expected to stay at least a year − and they’re offered medication and therapy in addition to the drinks, which can be beer, wine or vodka. The risk factors for DT were analyzed by Ferguson et al.[12] and further factors are tabulated in Table 4. When prescribed by a doctor and used for short periods of time, such as the day of surgery or for less than two weeks (but not every night) to aid sleep, benzodiazepines are safe to take.

  • When you stop consuming alcohol after prolonged, heavy use, your CNS can’t respond or regulate itself fast enough.
  • For people with epilepsy, alcohol may interact with epilepsy medications and worsen their side effects or make the medications less effective in preventing seizures.
  • Increasing interest is expressed in the potential of gabapentin as a treatment for alcohol withdrawal (74–78) and of topiramate in alcohol dependence (79).
  • Moreover, additional data are required around outcomes of acute treatment in the ED—for example, treatment retention outcomes at 7 or 30 days as are commonly cited among studies of ED-based buprenorphine induction.

Can Alcohol Withdrawal Cause Seizures?

Our skilled and credentialed team at Gratitude Lodge work closely with every patient going through drug detox, facilitating the beginnings of a successful recovery at our rehab addiction centers in Orange County, CA. Additionally, medications used to treat seizures can reduce your alcohol tolerance, meaning that the effects of alcohol are felt more quickly and intensely. This rapid intoxication can be particularly problematic because many side effects of seizure medications mimic the immediate effects of alcohol. Those sensitive to alcohol or seizure medications might find their combined effects especially challenging.

  • If people have an alcohol use disorder, they can talk with a healthcare professional about treatment options.
  • Once AWS is diagnosed, symptom-triggered benzodiazepine administration remains the most commonly provided treatment but may not be appropriate for patients with significant medical or psychiatric comorbidity or pending discharge.
  • Valproate is protective against alcohol withdrawal convulsions in mice (73).
  • This can make it dangerous for people taking benzodiazepines to drive or operate machinery or perform other hazardous tasks.
  • When people stop consuming alcohol after chronic use, they lose the inhibitory effects of the GABA receptors, resulting in the central nervous system being overstimulated.
  • The incidence of alcohol withdrawal seizures also tended to be lower in patients treated with an AED compared to other drugs.
  • What causes alcohol withdrawal seizures, are there any warning signs, and how can alcohol dependence be treated safely.
  • Alcohol withdrawal symptoms tend to occur within 8 hours after the last drink, but can occur days later.
  • Clinical institutes withdrawal assessment-alcohol revised is useful with pitfalls in patients with medical comorbidities.
  • For the purpose of reducing risk of seizures and rebound withdrawal symptoms after discontinuation, long-acting drugs should be preferred to short-acting ones (36; 19).
  • When Wernicke encephalopathy is suspected or manifests, parenteral administration of 500 mg thiamine three times daily should be started with no delay, as recommended by British guidelines (category D) (32).
  • Severe and potentially life threatening symptoms of alcohol withdrawal include seizures and delirium tremens (DTs).

When the seizure begins during the aura stage, it may be called a partial seizure or a simple focal seizure. If it comes with warning signs, you could experience deja vu, intense anxiety, muscle twitches, loss of bowel or bladder control, numbness or tingling, nausea, and confusion. However, if you’re experiencing some of these symptoms, it could also mean you are about to experience a potential symptom that is particular to alcohol withdrawal called delirium tremens. Depressants like alcohol can cause your muscles to relax, but withdrawal can cause tremors, muscle tightness, and seizures.

How long after you quit drinking may you experience a seizure?

alcohol withdrawal seizure

  • Your healthcare provider will likely recommend that you don’t work or drive right after you start taking benzodiazepines.
  • They act on specific receptors in the brain, called gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABA-A) receptors.
  • Go to the nearest emergency room or call 911 (or your local emergency service number) if you or a loved one has any concerning symptoms of alcohol withdrawal.
  • The overstimulating effects of alcohol withdrawal can lead to increased blood pressure, heart palpitations, sleeplessness, fever, hallucinations, panic, and seizures.
  • A CT scan of the brain suffices in the acute setting, although an MRI is preferable if there is a question of an underlying epilepsy.
  • Inpatient and residential treatment can provide additional medical monitoring to ensure your safety and sobriety.

1. Markers useful in the emergency setting

2. Thiamine